IoT Gas Leakage Detector FYP: LPG & Flammable Gas with SMS Alert
Build an IoT-based LPG gas leakage detection system with automatic SMS alerts and buzzer alarm for your Final Year Project. Full guide with circuit diagram and code logic.
Why Gas Detector Projects Score High
IoT gas detection systems are a strong FYP choice because they solve a real safety problem, they're visually impressive during demos (the alarm goes off when you hold a lighter near it), and the hardware is inexpensive.
This is also one of Rectronx Circuits' flagship project builds — the photo on our homepage shows our actual deployed gas detector with MQ2 and MQ5 sensors, OLED display, and PIR motion detection.
Components List
| Component | Purpose | Cost (RM) |
|---|---|---|
| Arduino Uno / ESP32 | Main controller | RM 20–45 |
| MQ-2 Gas Sensor | Detect LPG, propane, smoke | RM 8–12 |
| MQ-5 Gas Sensor | Detect natural gas, LPG | RM 8–12 |
| OLED Display (0.96") | Show gas levels in real-time | RM 12–18 |
| Buzzer | Audio alarm | RM 2 |
| Red LED | Visual alarm indicator | RM 1 |
| SIM800L / GSM Module | Send SMS alerts | RM 20–35 |
| PIR Motion Sensor | Detect human presence (optional) | RM 8 |
| Enclosure box | Professional housing | RM 15–25 |
Total: RM 100–180
System Features
A well-built gas detector FYP should include:
- Dual sensor detection — MQ-2 for smoke/LPG, MQ-5 for natural gas
- Real-time OLED display — show gas concentration values live
- Threshold alarm — buzzer + LED when gas level exceeds safe limit
- SMS alert — send warning to registered phone numbers via GSM
- PIR integration — detect human presence in the room (bonus feature)
Circuit Wiring
MQ-2 Sensor
- VCC → 5V
- GND → GND
- AO (Analog Out) → Arduino A0
- DO (Digital Out) → Arduino D2 (for threshold interrupt)
MQ-5 Sensor
- VCC → 5V
- GND → GND
- AO → Arduino A1
OLED Display (I2C)
- SDA → A4
- SCL → A5
- VCC → 3.3V
- GND → GND
GSM Module (SIM800L)
- TX → Arduino RX (via voltage divider)
- RX → Arduino TX
- VCC → External 4V supply (not 5V)
- GND → Common GND
Code Logic
// Core logic pseudocode
void loop() {
mq2_value = analogRead(A0);
mq5_value = analogRead(A1);
display_oled("MQ2: " + mq2_value);
display_oled("MQ5: " + mq5_value);
if (mq2_value > MQ2_THRESHOLD || mq5_value > MQ5_THRESHOLD) {
trigger_alarm(); // buzzer + LED
send_sms("+60XXXXXXXXX", "GAS ALERT! Check your premises immediately.");
delay(30000); // wait 30s before next SMS
}
}
Calibration — Important Step
MQ sensors need calibration in clean air before use:
- Power on the sensor
- Wait 24–48 hours for the sensor to "burn in" (this is normal — sensors need warm-up time)
- In clean air, read the baseline voltage (typically 0.1–0.3V)
- Set your threshold as baseline + safety margin
Skipping calibration is the #1 reason gas detector FYPs fail during demos.
Enclosure Design
A professional enclosure makes a huge impression on examiners. Rectronx Circuits uses a standard IP56 waterproof enclosure box (155x115x80mm) with:
- Sensors mounted through drilled holes (facing outward)
- OLED display visible through a cutout
- LED indicator visible from front
- Power cable exit at rear
This is exactly what you see in our homepage photo.
Grading Tips
| Feature | Marks Impact |
|---|---|
| Dual sensor (MQ2 + MQ5) | Higher than single sensor |
| OLED display showing live values | Visual impact on examiners |
| SMS alert with GSM | Real-world application marks |
| Calibrated threshold | Shows technical understanding |
| Professional enclosure | Presentation marks |
| IoT dashboard (Blynk/ThingSpeak) | Distinction-level feature |
Need This Project?
This is one of our most-requested FYP builds. Rectronx Circuits delivers the complete gas detector system — fully assembled, calibrated, programmed, and tested — with full documentation.
WhatsApp us with your university requirements and deadline. We'll have it ready for you.
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